Nuclear Weapon (Weapons of Massive Destruction)
- Introduction
- Countries which has nuclear Weapon
- How it Works (Nuclear Weapon)
- Effect of Nuclear Weapon on Environment, Animals and Human.
- Power Produced by Nuclear Weapon
- World's Largest Blast
- Conclusion
Introduction:
Nuclear Weapon:
The Weapon Which Derives an Explosion (Destructive Force) as a Result of Nuclear Reaction.
First Nuclear Test:
Conducted by the United States of America at 5:29 am on July 16, 1945,
The test was conducted in the Jornada del Muerto desert about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Socorro, New Mexico,
The only Nation which used Nuclear weapons is the United States of America and the only Nation affected by the nuclear war head is Japan.
President Harry S. Truman during the final stage of World War II, the United States dropped nuclear weapons on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945.
The two bombings, which killed at least 1,29,000 people, remain the only use of nuclear weapons for warfare in history.
Countries which has Nuclear Weapons:
The above-mentioned numbers may vary, as the number of nuclear warheads posed by the is high military secrets.
Israel has not officially announced that it has a Nuclear Weapon
Israel possed the scientific skills to invent Nuclear weapons, Their friendship with South Africa has raised the question that the Test is conducted by these two nations (South African-Israeli nuclear test)
The Vela Incident, also known as the South Atlantic Flash, was an unidentified "double flash" of light detected by an American Vela Hotel satellite on 22 September 1979.
"Double Flash" Signal is characteristic of a nuclear weapons test in the atmosphere.
South African government dismantled all of its nuclear weapons, (six constructed and one under construction) the first nation in the world which voluntarily gave up all nuclear arms it had developed itself.
The World Map of Nations which possess Nuclear Weapons are shown below
How it works (Nuclear Weapon):
Albert Einstein:
In 1905, he Stated a Large amount of energy could be released from a small amount of matter, This was expressed by the equation E=mc^2, The atomic bomb would clearly illustrate this principle,
Where E = Energy
C = Speed of Light (299 792 458 m/s) or (299792 Km/Sec)
M = Mass of the Particle.
Einstein's equation means that Mass is equivalent to energy, The amount of energy is obtained by multiplying the mass and Square of the speed of light, a very large number, If you apply the equation to 1 kilogram (2.2 pounds), you find it would be equivalent to the energy released by exploding 22 megatons of TNT, This is quite amazing -- 2.2 pounds of material can explode like 22 million tons of TNT!!
Words by Albert Einstein:
In 1929, he publicly declared that if a war broke out he would "Unconditionally refuse to do war service, direct or indirect...regardless of how the cause of the war should be judged"
Types of Nuclear Weapons
Atom Bomb:
The weapon which derives a destructive force from Nuclear fission reaction is called Atom Bomb (Splitting a Nucleus of an Atom)
Hydrogen Bomb:
The Weapon which derives a destructive force from a nuclear fusion reaction is called a hydrogen bomb, (Merging Two Nucleus of an Atom) for producing nuclear fusion reaction.
Atomic Structure:
Atoms are made up of three particles: protons(+ve), neutrons, and electrons (-ve). Protons and neutrons are heavier than electrons and reside in the center of the atom, which is called the nucleus, and the electron revolves around the nucleus.
Each and every materials are made up of atom
The number of Protons determines, which material it was,
Eg: The iron (FE): 26 Proton (or) the atom which has 26 protons is Iron
Rg: The Aluminum (AL): 13 Protons (or) the atom which has 13 Protons.
Nuclear Fission Reaction (Atomic Bomb)
The Neutron is fired to split the nucleus of an atom, Which changes the atomic Structure, See the picture given below the material Uranium (Nucleus) is splitted as a Result the new material Krypton and Barium are formed, (single Material Splitted) During this process Enormous amount of energy is released (E+Mc^2), the blast is formed with Emission of Radiation and high Temperature is created.
Nuclear Fusion Reaction (Hydrogen bomb)
In the hydrogen bomb, the nucleus of the two atoms is combined, which changes the atomic structure (Two materials combined to produce single material) to trigger the nuclear fusion reaction high temperature is needed which is produced by the nuclear fission (Atom Bomb) reaction.
After the Soviet atomic bomb's success, the idea of building a hydrogen bomb received new impetus in the united states, In this type of bomb, Deuterium and tritium (Hydrogen Isotopes) are fused into helium, thereby releasing energy.
Hydrogen Bomb
The first hydrogen bomb test was conducted by the united states of America on November 1, 1952, on the island of Elugelab in the pacific ocean.
The power produced by Hydrogen bomb is more, when compared to the atomic bomb, and the radiation released is also very high, which makes it a most destructive weapon,
Nation which possess hydrogen Bomb:
Effect of Nuclear Weapon on Environment, Animals and Human
During Atomic bomb blast Bright Fireball will be Produced, which has thermal radiation, The Temperature produced during process is between 25,000,000 to 100,000,000 degree Celsius.
Melted and fused pieces of metal found in japan, after the nuclear bomb dropped on Aug 1945.
Note: These metals are found from a far distance away from the blast spot.
The radiation from the nuclear blast produces cancer, infertility, the child born with physically and mentally challenges, losing fertile land (Which can't be used for agriculture).
Power produced by nuclear Weapon
(What are Tons of TNT)
TNT (Trinitrotoluene) is an explosive material, TNT equivalent is typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion.
A ton of TNT is Equal to Energy Produced during a blast of 1,000 kilograms of TNT = 1 Ton of TNT.
Eg: this picture shows the Energy Produced during a blast of 100 kilograms of TNT = 0.1 Tons of TNT.
The Power produced by the atom bomb dropped on Nagasaki is 21 Kilotons of TNT = 21,000 Kg of TNT Blast.
How Bigger Can a Nuclear weapon Be?
The Maximum Power Produced by nuclear weapons possed by Each nation is listed below.
World Largest Blast (Tsar Bomb)
The Russia (Former USSR), has conducted test on 30 October 1961, in Mityushikha Bay Nuclear resting range, remains the most powerful man-made explosion in history.
The Biggest Balst in Earth, a Hydrogen Bomb, Originally Designed to be 100 MT (100000 KT), is scaled down, to a version of 50 Mt (50000 KT), for testing, by fearing that radiation would affect there nation (Russia).
The Pictures will clearly shows the power of TSAR BOMB.
The Tsar Bomb mushroom cloud seen from a distance of 161 KM (100 miles). The crown of the cloud is 56 Km (35 miles) high at the time of the picture.
The Tsar bomb's fireball, which is about 8 KM in diameter, was prevented from touching the ground by the shock wave.
Conclusion:
The Equation (E=mc^2) by Albert Einstein, has played the main role in the creation of nuclear weapons, Albert Einstein has not been involved in any Nuclear weapon creation, But unfortunately, his invention of the Equation leads to the invention of nuclear weapons.
Words by Albert Einstein:
1. In 1929, he publicly declared that if a war broke out he would "unconditionally refuse to do war service,, direct or indirect...regardless of how the cause of the war should be judged'
2. I have always condemned the use of the atomic bomb against Japan
Einstein Deplores (Fell or express strong condemnation) use of Atom Bomb", a News released by New York Times, 8\19\46, after an interview with Einstein
After hearing news that the USA has dropped Atom Bomb on Japan, causing heavy destruction, Albert Einstein locked the Door and Cried.
"The World Should Not See Any More nuclear Explosion, Nuclear Weapon Dropped on (Nagasaki) should be the Last One"